16S rRNA Sequence

 

16S rRNA Sequence

Carl Woese and George E Fox was the first to used the 16S rRNA gene in bacterial phylogenetic analysis in 1977. This method revolutionized the field of microbiology in identification of unknown microorganisms. 16S ribosome RNA is a subunit of a 30S ribosome RNA, It plays a remarkable role in bacterial translation. It plays a major role in the translation part. This ribosome acts with the 23S subunit and helps in the binding of 50S and 30S ribosomes. Which in turn initiates the protein synthesis. The 16S rRNA has a unique kind of sequence known as the anti shine-dalgarno sequence which binds to the AUG of the mRNA to initiate protein synthesis.

The 16S rRNA gene has two parts one is a nonvariable domains and is common in all bacteria. But the other domain is a highly variable region and this is why this part is used in the classification of bacterial species.

At present there are many primers available for performing PCR study in 16S rRNA sequencing and the primers used by Weisburg et al are the most common primer set used in the study. 

Primer name	Sequence (5′–3′)
928F	TAA AAC TYA AAK GAA TTG ACG GG
533F	GTG CCA GCM GCC GCG GTA A
27F	AGA GTT TGA TCM TGG CTC AG
907R	CCG TCA ATT CCT TTR AGT TT
336R	ACT GCT GCS YCC CGT AGG AGT CT
1100R	GGG TTG CGC TCG TTG
785F	GGA TTA GAT ACC CTG GTA
805R	GAC TAC CAG GGT ATC TAA TC
8F	AGA GTT TGA TCC TGG CTC AG
518R	GTA TTA CCG CGG CTG CTG G
1492R	CGG TTA CCT TGT TAC GAC TT